Personal Experience of Racial Discrimination - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 730 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/02/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Racial Discrimination Essay Racism Essay Did you like this example? It was a wonderful August morning. The sun was splendidly sparkling on my shades while my mom drove the U-pull truck to a stockroom in Indianapolis, Indiana. As my mom drove down the boulevards of Indianapolis, I watched out the window and started to understand that the blend of individuals was actually not a blend at all; there was just white. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Personal Experience of Racial Discrimination" essay for you Create order When we landed at the distribution center, there were very few vehicles in the parking garage, and I could see the warmth waves. As we strolled up the steaming hot asphalt, it felt like we were strolling through a singing desert. When we strolled into the distribution center, there was an assortment of electronic apparatuses to look over, and around three-fourths of them were white (obviously). About at regular intervals, a salesman chased after us and inquired as to whether we required help, as though we were impeded or ex-cons. My mom truly loathes it when salespersons always inquire as to whether we require help; she feels on the off chance that she needs their assistance, shell request it. At last, after around over two exhausting long periods of searching for any scratches or checks on the dryers and fridges that may fit best in our new condo, my mom picked a dryer and icebox that were perfect. She at that point let the businessperson know, and he answered with a grin, Okay, you can get your things in the back in around five minutes. My mom stated, Thank you, in a decent, well disposed voice and strolled over the singed asphalt to drive the truck to the back. When we got to the back, there were around three open spaces for getting machines. My mom picked the principal parking space she saw, which was by a white familys vehicle. At that point she demonstrated the representatives the receipt for the apparatuses she had quite recently purchased. They stated, Okay, well be with you in one moment. While I hung tight for my mom, I investigated and grinned at the white woman in the following vehicle, however as opposed to grinning back like a pleasant young lady, she scowled at me like I had something dangling from my nose. At first I thought, Well, perhaps she is having an awful day. Then a couple of minutes after the fact the general population working at the stockroom began to take a gander at my mom and me selfishly. At that point I assumed that perhaps something was all over, however when I looked in the mirror, I saw nothing. At the time, I had just gone through nine years and a few months on this planet. I didnt realize bigotry was still near; I suspected that circumstance had passed on alongside Dr. Lord. Five minutes passed, at that point ten, at that point fifteen. We sat there watching individuals get their apparatuses and leave. We appeared to be undetectable to them. As I sat in the vehicle, consuming and tuning in to a standout amongst the most exhausting radio stations my mom could like, I was considering, We would be wise to leave or else Ill go ballistic! After 30 minutes had passed, my mom got baffled and considerately requested to have our things stacked. Five additional minutes passed, and she asked again with a demeanor. They answered, Well be with you in a moment, maam. I could advise she was starting to kick disturbed on the grounds that she off to get that dont trouble me look. After five minutes they at long last stuffed our machines on the truck. When we left the distribution center, I depicted to my mom what the other individuals were doing. She clarified, They were bigot. They didnt care for us since we have distinctive skin shading. That was my first experience with bigotry. It was only a little cut of the real world—that everybody wont be as decent as you, your companions, and your family may be; and that since you look pleasant and graciously grin at others, it doesnt imply that others will treat you the equivalent. This circumstance made me get a handle on extremely of place and befuddled. I didnt anticipate that those individuals will respond as they did. We are altogether enlightened, shrewd, mindful, serene individuals . . . or if nothing else that is the thing that I had accepted.

Examine How Social, Historical and Spatial Constructions...

Examine how social, historical and spatial constructions of childhood and or youth inform the design, practices and values of a selected institution of childhood or young people. Childhood is not a biological state, unlike infancy (Postman) it is a construction placed upon a group of humans by society (James and Prout). Differing societies have different views of what a child is and should be. The ideas surrounding children and childhood not only differ within different societies there are also historical differences in the constructs of children (Postman) as if we look throughout history it is suggested that children are a modern day construct (Postman). Aries (1962) suggests that even as early as the late seventeeth century, when†¦show more content†¦Not only do adults place historical and societal constructs onto children there is also the process of projecting spatial constructions onto them aswell. Soja (date) refers to how we place spatiality constructions, he suggests that in order to understand any society, culture or any group of people historically and socially as this gives the best informative knowledge of the group (Soja). As mentioned previously this has been done since the twentieth century when Aries looked at when childhood, as a concept had emerged (Aries 1962). However in recent years it has been suggested that using this dialectic in order to understand a community is not enough (Soja) and that there has to be a third notion (Soja). Soja suggests that although historical and social imaginations of a community give a good insight to what a society is this dialectic is not enough when you want to have a full understanding of how a community behave (Soja). He suggests that the spaces in which people occupy (spatiality) should be adopted with the same importance and a trialectic approach should be adopted (Soja). Studying one aspect of the trialectic is no more insightful than another and all should be treated as equal when trying to gain knowledge (Soja). It is only when ‘the threeShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesresearched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly explaining, analyzing and exploring organization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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The Hunters Moonsong Chapter One Free Essays

string(76) " as she invited him in that first time, what felt like a mil ion years ago\." Dear Diary, I’m so scared. My heart is pounding, my mouth is dry, and my hands are shaking. I’ve faced so much and survived: vampires, werewolves, phantoms. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter One or any similar topic only for you Order Now Things I never imagined were real. And now I’m terrified. Why? Simply because I’m leaving home. And I know that it’s completely, insanely ridiculous. I’m barely leaving home, really. I’m going to college, only a few hours’ drive from this darling house where I’ve lived since I was a baby. No, I’m not going to start crying again. I’ll be sharing a room with Bonnie and Meredith, my two best friends in the whole world. In the same dorm, only a couple of floors away will be my beloved Stefan. My other best friend, Matt, will be just a short walk across campus. Even Damon will be in an apartment in the town nearby. Honestly, I couldn’t stick any closer to home unless I never moved out of this house at all. I’m being such a wimp. But it seems like I just got my home back – my family, my life – after being exiled for so long, and now I suddenly have to leave again. I suppose I’m scared partly because these last few weeks of summer have been wonderful. We packed all the enjoyment we would have been having these past few months – if it hadn’t been for fighting the kitsune, traveling to the Dark Dimension, battling the jealousy phantom, and all the other Extremely Not Fun things we’ve done – into three glorious weeks. We had picnics and sleepovers and went swimming and shopping. We took a trip to the county fair, where Matt won Bonnie a stuffed tiger and turned bright red when she squealed and leaped into his arms. Stefan even kissed me on the top of the Ferris wheel, just like any normal guy might kiss his girlfriend on a beautiful summer night. We were so happy. So normal in a way I thought we could never be again. That’s what’s frightening me, I guess. I’m scared that these few weeks have been a bright golden interlude and that now that things are changing, we’ll be heading back into darkness and horror. It’s like that poem we read in English class last fall says: Nothing gold can stay. Not for me. Even Damon†¦ The clatter of feet in the hal way downstairs distracted her, and Elena Gilbert’s pen slowed. She glanced up at the last couple of boxes scattered around her room. Stefan and Damon must be here to pick her up. But she wanted to finish her thought, to express the last worry that had been nagging at her during these perfect weeks. She turned back to her diary, writing faster so that she could get her thoughts down before she had to leave. Damon has changed. Ever since we defeated the jealousy phantom, he’s been †¦ kinder. Not just to me, not just to Bonnie, who he’s always had a soft spot for, but even to Matt and Meredith. He can still be intensely irritating and unpredictable – he wouldn’t be Damon without that – but he hasn’t had that cruel edge to him. Not like he used to. He and Stefan seem to have come to an understanding. They know I love them both, and yet they haven’t let jealousy come between them. They’re close, acting like true brothers in a way I haven’t seen before. There’s this delicate balance between the three of us that’s lasted through the end of the summer. And I worry that any misstep on my part will bring it crashing down and that like their first love, Katherine, I’ll tear the brothers apart. And then we’ll lose Damon forever. Aunt Judith cal ed up, sounding impatient, â€Å"Elena!† â€Å"Coming!† Elena replied. She quickly scribbled a few more sentences in her diary. Still, it’s possible that this new life will be wonderful. Maybe I’ll find everything I’ve been looking for. I can’t hold on to high school, or to my life here at home, forever. And who knows? Maybe this time the gold will stay. â€Å"Elena! Your ride is waiting!† Aunt Judith was definitely getting stressed out now. She’d wanted to drive Elena up to school herself. But Elena knew she wouldn’t be able to say good-bye to her family without crying, so she’d asked Stefan and Damon to drive her up instead. It would be less embarrassing to get emotional here at home than to weep al over Dalcrest’s campus. Since Elena had decided to go up with the Salvatore brothers, Aunt Judith had been working herself up about every little detail, anxious that Elena’s col ege career wouldn’t start off perfectly without her there to supervise. It was al because Aunt Judith loved her, Elena knew. Elena slammed the blue-velvet-covered journal shut and dropped it into an open box. She climbed to her feet and headed for the door, but before she opened it, she turned to look at her room one last time. It was so empty, with her favorite posters missing from the wal s and half the books gone from her bookcase. Only a few clothes remained in her dresser and closet. The furniture was al stil in place. But now that the room was stripped of most of her possessions, it felt more like an impersonal hotel room than the cozy haven of her childhood. So much had happened here. Elena could remember cuddling up with her father on the window seat to read together when she was a little girl. She and Bonnie and Meredith – and Caroline, who had been her good friend, too, once – had spent at least a hundred nights here tel ing secrets, studying, dressing for dances, and just hanging out. Stefan had kissed her here, early in the morning, and disappeared quickly when Aunt Judith came to wake her. Elena remembered Damon’s cruel, triumphant smile as she invited him in that first time, what felt like a mil ion years ago. You read "The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter One" in category "Essay examples" And, not so long ago, her joy when he had appeared here one dark night, after they al thought he was dead. There was a quiet knock at the door, and it swung open. Stefan stood in the doorway, watching her. â€Å"About ready?† he said. â€Å"Your aunt is a little worried. She thinks you’re not going to have time to unpack before orientation if we don’t get going.† Elena stood and went over to wrap her arms around him. He smel ed clean and woodsy, and she nestled her head against his shoulder. â€Å"I’m coming,† she said. â€Å"It’s just hard to say good-bye, you know? Everything’s changing.† Stefan turned toward her and caught her mouth softly in a kiss. â€Å"I know,† he said when the kiss ended, and ran his finger gently along the curve of her bottom lip. â€Å"I’l take these boxes down and give you one more minute. Aunt Judith wil feel better if she sees the truck getting packed up.† â€Å"Okay. I’l be right down.† Stefan left the room with the boxes, and Elena sighed, looking around again. The blue flowered curtains her mother had made for her when Elena was nine stil hung over the windows. Elena remembered her mother hugging her, her eyes a little teary, when her baby girl told her she was too big for Winnie the Pooh curtains. Elena’s own eyes fil ed with tears, and she tucked her hair behind her ears, mirroring the gesture her mother had used when she was thinking hard. Elena was so young when her parents died. Maybe if they’d lived, she and her mother would be friends now, would know each other as equals, not just as mother and daughter. Her parents had gone to Dalcrest Col ege, too. That’s where they’d met, in fact. Downstairs on top of the piano sat a picture of them in their graduation robes on the sun-fil ed lawn in front of the Dalcrest library, laughing, impossibly young. Maybe going to Dalcrest would bring Elena closer to them. Maybe she’d learn more about the people they’d been, not just the mom and dad she’d known when she was little, and find her lost family among the neoclassical buildings and the sweeping green lawns of the col ege. She wasn’t leaving, not real y. She was moving forward. Elena set her jaw firmly and headed out of her room, clicking off the light as she went. Downstairs, Aunt Judith, her husband, Robert, and Elena’s five-year-old sister, Margaret, were gathered in the hal , waiting, watching Elena as she came down the stairs. Aunt Judith was fussing, of course. She couldn’t keep stil ; her hands were twisting together, smoothing her hair, or fiddling with her earrings. â€Å"Elena,† she said, â€Å"are you sure you’ve packed everything you need? There’s so much to remember.† She frowned. Her aunt’s obvious anxiety made it easier for Elena to smile reassuringly and hug her. Aunt Judith held her tight, relaxing for a moment, and sniffed. â€Å"I’m going to miss you, sweetheart.† â€Å"I’l miss you, too,† Elena said, and squeezed Aunt Judith closer, feeling her own lips tremble. She gave a shaky laugh. â€Å"But I’l be back. If I forgot anything, or if I get homesick, I’l run right back for a weekend. I don’t have to wait for Thanksgiving.† Next to them, Robert shifted from one foot to the other and cleared his throat. Elena let go of Aunt Judith and turned to him. â€Å"Now, I know col ege students have a lot of expenses,† he said. â€Å"And we don’t want you to have to worry about money, so you’ve got an account at the student store, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He opened his wal et and handed Elena a fistful of bil s. â€Å"Just in case.† â€Å"Oh,† said Elena, touched and a little flustered. â€Å"Thank you so much, Robert, but you real y don’t have to.† He patted her awkwardly on the shoulder. â€Å"We want you to have everything you need,† he said firmly. Elena smiled at him grateful y, folded the money, and put it in her pocket. Next to Robert, Margaret glared down obstinately at her shoes. Elena knelt before her and took her little sister’s hands. â€Å"Margaret?† she prompted. Large blue eyes stared into her own. Margaret frowned and shook her head, her mouth a tight line. â€Å"I’m going to miss you so much, Meggie,† Elena said, pul ing her close, her eyes fil ing with tears again. Her little sister’s dandelion-soft hair brushed against Elena’s cheek. â€Å"But I’l be back for Thanksgiving, and maybe you can come visit me on campus. I’d love to show off my little sister to al my new friends.† Margaret swal owed. â€Å"I don’t want you to go,† she said in a smal miserable voice. â€Å"You’re always leaving.† â€Å"Oh, sweetie,† Elena said helplessly, cuddling her sister closer. â€Å"I always come back, don’t I?† Elena shivered. Once again, she wondered how much Margaret remembered of what had really happened in Fel ‘s Church over the last year. The Guardians had promised to change everyone’s memories of those dark months when vampires, werewolves, and kitsune had nearly destroyed the town – and when Elena herself had died and risen again – but there seemed to be exceptions. Caleb Smal wood remembered, and sometimes Margaret’s innocent face looked strangely knowing. â€Å"Elena,† Aunt Judith said again, her voice thick and weepy, â€Å"you’d better get going.† Elena hugged her sister one more time before letting her go. â€Å"Okay,† she said, standing and picking up her bag. â€Å"I’l cal you tonight and let you know how I’m settling in.† Aunt Judith nodded, and Elena gave her another quick kiss before wiping her eyes and opening the front door. Outside, the sunlight was so bright she had to blink. Damon and Stefan were leaning against the truck Stefan had rented, her stuff packed into the back. As she stepped forward, they both glanced up and, at the same time, smiled at her. Oh. They were so beautiful, the two of them, that seeing them could stil leave her shaken after al this time. Stefan, her love Stefan, his leaf-green eyes shining at the sight of her, was gorgeous with his classical profile and that sweet little kissable curve to his bottom lip. And Damon – al luminescent pale skin, black velvety eyes, and silken hair – was graceful and deadly al at once. Damon’s bril iant smile made something inside her stretch and purr like a panther recognizing its mate. Both pairs of eyes watched her lovingly, possessively. The Salvatore brothers were hers now. What was she going to do about it? The thought made her frown and made her shoulders hunch nervously. Then she consciously smoothed the wrinkles in her forehead away, relaxed, and smiled back at them. What would come, would come. â€Å"Time to go,† she said, and tilted her face up toward the sun. How to cite The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter One, Essay examples

Competitive Strategy Organizational Aims

Questions: First paragraph should be regarding the concept of it. Second paragraph should be example of two or three components from the following five companies :a)Agricultural companies in Australiab)Tourism in australia (also compare it with contries like Fiji or Bali or Thailand)c)Pharmaceutical contries (any country)d)Heavy Machinery(any country)d)Dairy industries of Australia Answers: What is Strategy? From the e-learning activity of the week 3, the most significant fact, which has been understood, is that the concept of organizational strategy should not be confused with the goal of an organization. More specifically, it could be said that organizational strategies and organizational aims are related though both have individual concepts. The video teaches that organizational strategies are implanted to achieve the organizational aims (www.youtube.com 2016). The video informs that the word strategy has been derived from the Greek word Strategos that is indicative of the art of the General. In the other words, it can be said the ancient word Strategos implicates the art of the war generals. However, it has also been identified that in the words of Suntzu a Chinese General, strategy is defined as the distinct art of war. Therefore, it can be perceived that an organization most of the time fails to compete with the rival companies and even fails to polish their core competencies as t hey fails to distinguish between their purpose and the policies. It can be stated after reviewing the video that organizations requires to formulate crucial tactics those could cumulatively support to achieve the aim. On the other hand, it has been understood that to incorporate appropriate strategies for achieving organizational goals, an organization requires to consider four major premises, which are a) the place for competition, b) value proposition for the target market, c) the particular resources or capabilities should be utilized and d) the convenient way for sustaining the proposed unique value. The ideas acquired from the e-activity learning can be fruitfully recommended for an enterprise in the sector of the agriculture, as the GrainCorp limited that operates in territories like New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. The idea that strategy should accompany an organizations aim could be suggested for the considered companys storage and logistic department. The company is lacking in its infrastructure facility, therefore it can be said that by considering the aforementioned four premises, the company can improvise their current decision to invest near about $60 million to upgrade their grain storage (www.afr.co 2016). On the other side, to compete with its prime rival organization like AWB Limited, the company should concentrate on improvising its policies regarding value proposition. The company should consider the fact that wheat exporters are finding it hard to identify proper buyers. In such a situation, every wheat-exporting organization is attempting hard to propose potential value to sustain its position in the market (Grant and Jordan 2015). Therefore, following the idea of the video that says that one of the crucial stages of preparing a valid strategy is to propose unique value to the target market. The enterprise should initially try to set answers for this particular question regarding value proposition. Therefore, they should try to determine valuable resources those could be successfully utilized by them. In this case, the company could think about modifying their present values or might try to add some unique values considering the present context. Business Model Innovation The video enlightens some significant information, which could help to get success in the business context as well as can assist fruitfully to sustain a business in future. The video is indicative of the fact that companies need to change its usual track of success and should concentrate on improvising or modifying the existing model of their business operations. Possibly the most significant lesson of the video is that the present success or the policies for achieving success may not prove successful for the future success (www.youtube.com 2016). It can be stated after the e-learning activity that companies should not input their entire focus on satisfying its present customers and the daily business. Therefore, every organization should keep a generous amount of time and interest to concentrate on future opportunities. Therefore, it can be extracted that innovation is the key for future success. On the other side, it can also be interpreted from the video that by applying the concept of innovation, an organization can achieve two potential aspects. An organization either can increase customer value for their product/service or can minimize their cost of production. Therefore, it is understandable that innovation is the master key that supports a company to achieve two of its most crucial aspects regarding success and sustainability. Moreover, it can be said that innovation is key for business sustainability and competitive advantages. However, the video implicates that a successful innovation can be obtained through learning and recombining the existing policies and models (Amit and Zott, 2012). It can be finally underpinned that to successfully practice the tool of innovation, an organization needs to follow four steps, which are initiation, ideation, integration and implementation. The acquired knowledge can be applied on the company Meredith Dairy belonging to the dairy sector of Australia. The concepts regarding the business innovation model could prove successful the company as per the fact that the company may find loss in future. It is being predicted that the dairy industry of Australia has several chances to face issues regarding the price retail milk, water acquisition, and carbon and quality stuffs (Beggs et al. 2015). In such a crucial condition, the considered company has several chances to find problems in future regarding its sustainability. Following the concepts gathered from the video, it could be stated that Meredith Dairy should optimize a new as well as innovative model for retaining its quality staffs as per the fact that almost every rival organizations in this individual sector is trying their best to acquire quality employees. The organization is well known for providing quality dairy products due to having trained and devoted employees. Considering the aforementioned issues, it is to adhere that the company should follow the four steps of business innovation and practice it on the ground of human resource management. On the other hand, the acquired concept regarding business innovation model can be applied on the context of the companys plan on resetting the retail price. In that case, the concerned company can start with initiating a new yet relevant idea and thereafter integrate it with the existing one. References Amit, R. and Zott, C., 2012. Creating value through business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(3), p.41. Beggs, D.S., Fisher, A.D., Jongman, E.C. and Hemsworth, P.H., 2015. A survey of Australian dairy farmers to investigate animal welfare risks associated with increasing scale of production.Journal of dairy science,98(8), pp.5330-5338. Financial Review. (2016).Twin challenges for GrainCorp as competition bites. [online] Available at: https://www.afr.com/brand/chanticleer/twin-challenges-for-graincorp-as-competition-bites-20150514-gh1gx4 [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Grant, R.M. and Jordan, J.J., 2015.Foundations of strategy. John Wiley Sons. YouTube. (2016).Business Model Innovation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMI [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. YouTube. (2016).What is Strategy?. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD7WSLeQtVw [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016].

Classical Essays - Behaviorism, Learning, Experimental Psychology

Classical And Operant Conditioning Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are different learning methods. The two methods have the word conditioning in common. What is conditioning? Conditioning is the acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well-defined stimuli. Both classical and operant conditioning are basic forms of learning. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which an organism learns to transfer a natural response from one stimulus to another, previously neutral stimulus. This is done by manipulating reflexes. Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which the likelihood of a behavior is increased or decreased by the use of reinforcement or punishment. Operant conditioning deals with more cognitive thought process. These two forms of learning have similarities and differences. Their similarities are that they both produce basic phenomena. One such phenomenon is acquisition. Both types of conditioning result in the inheritance of a behavior. One of the most famous of experiments that illustrates classical conditioning is Pavlov's Dogs. In this experiment, Pavlov sat behind a one-way mirror and controlled the presentation of a bell. The bell was the conditioned stimulus. A conditioned stimulus was an originally neutral stimulus that could eventually produce a desired response when presented alone. Directly after the ringing of the bell, Pavlov gave the dog food. The food was the unconditioned stimulus. This means that the food caused an uncontrollable response whenever it was presented alone. That response would be the salivation of the dog. A tube that was in the dog's mouth then measured the saliva. When the unconditioned stimulus (US) was paired with a conditioned stimulus (CS), it eventually resulted in a conditioned response. Extinction results if there is a decrease in frequency or strength of a learned response due to the failure to continue to pair the US and the CS. Extinction can also occur in operant conditioning. The key to operant conditioning is reinforcement. Reinforcement is when a stimulus is presented that increases the probability that the preceding response will recur in the future. If reinforcement is withheld, extinction will occur in operant conditioning. Another factor that is involved in conditioning is spontaneous recovery. That is the reappearance of an extinguished response after the passage of time, without further training. If Pavlov's dogs did not hear the bell for a few years, and if when they heard it later they drooled, it would be an example of spontaneous recovery. Something similar occurs with operant conditioning. If an animal was conditioned to behave in a certain manor, but then their reinforcement was stopped, that animal may still have a reaction to the stimulus at a much later date. Organisms that are being conditioned through operant or classical conditioning can go through something that is known as stimulus generalization. This is when there is a transfer of a learned response to different but similar stimuli. An example would be if one of Pavlov's dogs salivated to the sound of a bell that was different from the one that they were originally conditioned with. Stimulus discrimination is another phenomena that occurs with classical and operant conditioning. Discrimination is when an organism learns to respond to only one stimulus and inhibit the response to all other stimuli. It is the reverse of generalization. If an organism hears many different sounds, but is only given reinforcement for responding to only one of the sounds, it learns to discriminate between the sounds. Some of the differences between operant and classical conditioning lie in the extent to which reinforcement depends on the behavior of the learner. In classical conditioning, the learner is automatically reinforced. That is how it learns to respond to a once neutral stimulus. In operant conditioning, the learner must provide a correct response in order to received the reinforcement. Another difference between the two forms of conditioning is the type of behavior to which each method applies. Classical conditioning applies to a behavior that is always wanted. It was Pavlov's purpose to have the dogs salivate on command. In operant conditioning, a behavior can be learned or extinguished. If you wanted to train a dog not to do something, you would use a form of punishment. Classical and operant conditioning are similar, but they do differ in a few ways. Both are fairly reliable ways to teach an organism to act in a specific manor.

My Understanding of the Song Lucky by Britney Spears †Music Class

My Understanding of the Song Lucky by Britney Spears – Music Class Free Online Research Papers My Understanding of the Song Lucky by Britney Spears Music Class I feel that the song â€Å"Lucky† performed by Britney Spears, written by whomever writes songs for Britney Spears addresses an important topic that is very relevant in society today. The song begins: â€Å"This is a story about a girl named Lucky†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The way I interpret it, the girl referred to in these is not named Lucky. This is a name given to an imaginary person who, as you find out later in the song, has so much, yet so little. I feel the song brings up an important point and expresses that while some have lots of money, fame, fortune, and notoriety, they can also be morally empty, socially inept, and generally unhappy. The first verse describes a girl, (the aforementioned â€Å"Lucky†) waking up in the morning to knocks on her door. These knocks are calls to put on â€Å"†¦makeup, perfect smile.† Someone tells the girl â€Å"It’s you they are waiting for†¦Isn’t she lovely, this Hollywood girl.† The girl in the song is demanded to come out so people can admire her and covet what she is and has. This very issue impacts today’s society, creating contempt, jealousy, and eventually unrest in people, more specifically youth and the poor. In a capitalistic society like ours, it is a hard fact that some will be â€Å"have†, and they will most definitely be in the eyes and minds of the â€Å"have-nots.† The chorus explains how this girl is a star, but she cries, lonely in her heart, claiming there is nothing missing in her life. This situation happens in today’s society to a lot of yuppie types who concentrate the energy of their youth in attaining mainly money, and brush aside more solidly important things like character, moral values, intellect, health, and family bonds. The next verse explains how the girl is â€Å"lost in an image, in a dream† in which she â€Å"†¦keeps on winning†. It goes on to ask the rhetorical question â€Å"†¦what happens when it stops?†, and answers with a reference to the first verse, â€Å"Isn’t she lovely, this Hollywood girl?† This verse describes the feelings the girl has about her current situation. I believe the song is saying that the girl really doesn’t think about what will happen when her winning streak stops, because she instinctively knows it will and she will be left empty, a shell of a ghost of a stranger. This situation arises in today’s fast-paced, extremely materialistic culture, awash with easy money and low moral standards. Overall, the song is a light look at an underlying problem in our society. The problem does not lie in the present so much as in the future. The people in our country are robbing themselves of a stable future, cheating themselves out of a emotionally fulfilling lot, and devaluing their own self worth, all in the name of money and vanity. To look on the brighter side, which I always try and do, this gives hope to those with not much money or power, but who concentrate on strengthening themselves in more lasting ways. Research Papers on My Understanding of the Song "Lucky" by Britney Spears - Music ClassHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Hockey GameCapital PunishmentThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationMind Travel19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraEffects of Television Violence on Children

Proposed Healthcare Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposed Healthcare Reform - Essay Example In the state of California alone there are more than 2 million people afflicted with the disease, and this number is expected to jump two-fold by 2025. The worst part is that over a quarter of those afflicted do not even know that they have the disease. The focal point of this aspect of the proposal aims to institute proven strategies in identifying and screening the disease, as well as primary prevention and patient self-management. The spirit behind it is highly altruistic, but the question is, can a national model for diabetes be truly be effective My take is that while it is a noble idea, the logistics and groundwork needed to pull it off efficiently may prove to be of detriment in the long run. We must be recognizant of the fact that not all states are as hard hit as California, nor is the economic impact as great. That given, their implementation of any national program may be shaky at best. A good strategy for the Schwarzenegger administration would be to develop a state-centr ic program at first, that way the execution and process control of the campaign would be better executed. Given the overdue attention given to this issue, just how much money could be saved According to the American Diabetes Association, indirect costs due to diabetes cost $58 billion in 2007, with more than 15 million work days absent and 120 million work days with reduced performance among others. 2 Include the savings in direct medical costs, do the math, and given the large number of patients in California that amounts to billions of dollars that could be facilitated towards the further development of the state. Another pressing issue which was highlighted was the need to address the issue of medical errors and health care acquired infections. This problem unduly compromises the health of patients, lowers the general health of patients and gravely increases health cost expenditures.3 So what are the possible solutions offered Among others, the plan proposes that electronic prescribing would be required of all providers and facilities by 2010 in order to prevent adverse drug events. Now what are the pros and cons of electronic prescribing For one, it is considered the best hope towards cutting health care costs in the years to come. According to an industry study, a widespread shift towards the practice would save the government as much as $29 billion over a 10-year period4. Not only that, it would eliminate the avenue for fraud and misuse of the old manual recommendations as stricter monitoring instruments could be put in place to prevent drug abuse. On the flipside, not many physicians are jumping at the chance for electronic prescriptions ,as widespread apprehension and uncertainty over the technology delivery is present. And not all doctors are technology-savvy, specially in the more rural areas. So if ever the plan were to be implemented, a lack of uniformity in terms of compliance may be present. So would these strategies be sufficient in alleviating the aforementioned issues In my opinion, these are very noble and well-researched strategies and should be given a long hard look. We are all riding the wave of the future, and the time has come for us to take drastic, aggressive measures if we are to prevent the collapse of the entire health care system. Overall, the health plan proposal of the governor provides a decent framework to build off for future legislation.

650 questions 1 and 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

650 questions 1 and 2 - Assignment Example So no, avoiding unethical or illegal behavior had better not be in conflict with the goal of the firm unless its executives wish to find themselves facing prosecution. Yet Lockheed found itself in hot water many years with the US Government for giving bribes to foreign officials, even though it was accepted practice in the host countries. The very nature of a corporation develops an agency relationship between the stockholders and management. An article in the Yale Law School Repository shows the problem develops when the upper management’s ideas of running the company begins to conflict with the wants of its real owners, the shareholders, whose main goal is making money. It specifically mentions such things as country club membership and private use of the corporate jet. Unless those perks are contracted and part of the executives’ bonuses, such personal joys would be illegal and a definite conflict of interest (Macey). East Coast Yachts has a very complicated cash flow. If it costs $435 million to have $617 million in sales of its boats, that would mean each quarter the company would need in excess of $100 million just to continue its manufacturing process. How they have been managing thus far and still continue to pay almost $18 million in dividends in 2008 is amazing. All it would take is one market dip for the company to be headed for financial trouble. However it is true that the average luxury sea craft buyer has little concern for economic downturns, as the sales figures for super yachts have shown to have grown astronomically during one of the worst periods of recession since the Great Depression (Boat). It seems that East Coast has grown considerably, in that assets increased $40 million between 2009 and 2010. With a net $17.8 million growth in debt in the current year, the company raised much needed capital. Ms Warren has admitted that poor planning has led to a volatile situation.

Teen_pregnancy-why_do_teens_want_to_have_babies Research Paper

Teen_pregnancy-why_do_teens_want_to_have_babies - Research Paper Example gnancies are usually because of socio-economic factors, lack of sex related services and decreased contraception but nowadays this view is challenged by many as all these aspects have been overcome by the growing society (Kost et al 2010). It is shown by many researches that teens have an increasing desire to have babies because of their boyfriend’s aspiration, their desire to have unconditional love, lack of education including sex education and low income level. Bleakley observes that teen pregnancy in the United States is on the decline, falling from 20% in majority of the states since 1991. The highest decline was noted beginning from 1996 when the welfare reform law was enacted, leading to the commencement of the abstinence education program (Bleakley 2006). This was a strategic approach that emphasizes the avoidance of sex among teenagers until marriage. It is a program that promotes good morals through counseling and mentorship. The program delays the onset age for sex connected with allowing teens to make informed decisions regarding sex when they have to attain maturity. They are taught on coping strategies that help them to deal with the pressure of having sex at an early age. Teens are made to understand that sex is an affair of married people. They are also educated on the physical and emotional stress associated with teenage sex. In essence, abstinence- only policies are significant in the derailment of the onset age. It is noticed that many teens want to get pregnant for the reason of unconditional love and care. A study conducted by the University of Alabama showed that females belonging to low income groups were more wanting to have a child at an early age. Susan Davies on this instance proposed that the income of females was a factor which was affecting their child bearing activities. In another study in the journal of Health, Education and Behaviour it was seen that the desire of having a child by females was greatly affected by their

Principles of Information Security

Principles of Information Security Purpose:In order to protect against accidental or intentional damage or loss of data, interruption of College business, or the compromise of confidential information we must classify data and establish minimum standards and guidelines to ensure a secure system. Effective from: 02/02/17 Scope: This policy must be applied to all of the following: students, faculty, staff, contractors, consultants, temporary employees, guests, volunteers and all other entities or individuals with access to confidential information through the Modern College of Business and Science its affiliates/partners. Responsible Party: Database Department Information Technology Support Department Terms of Reference:Access Any personal inspection or review of the confidential information or a copy of the confidential information, or an oral or written account of such information. Confidential Information Information identified by the applicable laws, regulations or policies as personal information, individually identifiable health information, education records, personally identifiable information, non-public personal data, confidential personal information, or sensitive scientific or sponsored project information. Data Information generated in official College business. Information that is personal to the operator of a system. Disclosure To permit access to or release, transfer, distribute, or otherwise communicate any part of information by any means Incident A possibly reportable episode that may incorporate, however is not restricted to, the accompanying: Attempts to increase unapproved access to frameworks or information; Undesirable disturbances or Denial od Service; An infection spreading; Burglary, abuse or loss of electronic gear containing private data. Unapproved utilization of frameworks for handling or information gathering An office or unit cant dispose of confidential of paper information in a proper manner. Unapproved changes to framework equipment, firmware and programming. Policy Statement: The Modern College of Business and Science must aim towards making a safe environment for all in terms of data confidentiality and personnel. Information Security professionals must employ techniques which can prevent any threat from exploiting any vulnerability as much as possible. Threats could target privacy, reputation and intellectual property along with lots of other data. Data Classification In order for the policy to be entirely effective and be able to know which data protect the data must be classified into 3 categories Category 1 Data that can be freely distributed to the public. Category 2- Internal data only not meant for outsiders. Category 3- Sensitive internal only data that could affect operations if disclosed to public. Category 4- Highly sensitive internal data that could put an organization at financial or legal risk if disclosed to public. Security Prevention Measures Security prevention measures ensure security and prove comfort for the business and also the customers. Prevention measure could consist of many things. Existing Security Measures. Access control which ensure only allowed users granted permission to access the database may do so. This applies to accessing, modifying and viewing the data. Frequent SQL input validation tests are conducted in order to ensure no unauthorized users can access the database. Three separate cloud based servers are available, two of which are for back up purposes this ensures the availability of the data in the case of the intrusion on one of the servers. All servers are backed up daily. Database auditing is frequently conducted. Database log files are frequently checked to observe in case of any malicious activity. All database security is managed by a third party in order to ensure maximum security. In order to avoid Denial of Service (DOS) attacks which could affect the availability the web applications are put on different servers. Role-Based Control is used in order to make sure employees can only retrieve content from the database that they are authenticated and authorized to. Discretionary access control is only permitted to the database department as no other faculty or staff needs access or is permitted to access. Flaws which need reviewed Password policy is not implemented strictly to students which can result in the compromising of an account. Solution: Password Policy MUST be applicable to all therefore, database department must make it mandatory. No honeypotting is available. Solution: The necessary equipment and software should be purchased for this to be done. This will help the College avoid attacks in the case of SQL injection or any other database attack. No digital certificates are utilised when messages are sent across the website. Solution: Create system to have to send digital certificate/signature to ensure a better level of security. No certified security professionals are currently employed. Solution: Raise issue to Human Resources as a matter of concern and seek the hiring of a professional or train existing staff. Lack of awareness among staff and faculty regarding security in general. Solution: Conduct training for faculty and stuff on how to spot basic threat and potential intrusions etc. *After these flaws are fixed, policy MUST be reviewed and updated. iii) Added Policies Conduct penetration testing frequently and Risk Assesment, report must be generated, reviewed by Chief Information Security Officer (CISO). Vulnerabilities must be fixed. In the case of an incident CISO must be informed to take necessary action. Any employee failing to do so shall face disciplinary action. Database MUST use views rather than tables no ensure security, all entries must be predefined queries. Database remote access and other distance access must not be enabled by blocking ports such as the telnet port, FTP and others. Database password MUST be updated ever fortnight to ensure security of the password. Password strength policy must be implemented for the database ( min 8 characters, capital small, numerical, special characters). Back Ups must also be done offsite and not only on the cloud. Backing up data of Category 3 4 as mentioned above must also be done on a certain specially encrypted drive and separate from normal back ups. Group Responsibilities All the members of the College are responsible some extent of the security of their own data and other things. Below is what each group of individuals is responsible for. A. Custodians are responsible for: 1. Information Security Procedures Establishment 2. Managing authorizations 3. Recordkeeping. 4. Incident handling and reporting B. Users are responsible for: 1. Abiding the College IT policy 2. Physical security 3. Information storage 4. Information spreading and sending 5. Method of disposal of info and devices 6. Passwords 7. Computer security 8. Remote access 9. Logging off 10. Virus and malicious code protection 11. Backups 12. Incident handling and reporting C. Managers are responsible for: 1. All what users are responsible for 2. All that the custodians are responsible for 3. Sharing responsibility for information security with the employees they supervise 4. Establishing information security procedures 5. Managing authorizations 6. User training and awareness 7. Physical security 8. Incident handling and reporting D. Information Service Providers are responsible for: 1. More extensive information security requirements than individuals 2. Establishing information security procedures 3. Physical security 4. Computer security 5. Network security 6. Access controls 7. Passwords 8. Contingency planning 9. Incident handling and reporting Administrative Responsibilities A. The CISO should always be monitoring the colleges database security system to ensure no flaws or loopholes and should propose tools or mitigation strategies. S/He must do the following: 1. Creating, reviewing, and revising policies, procedures, standards. 2. Ensuring security training and awareness. 3. Overall authority for College networks and systems security. 4. Incident handling, remediation, and reporting. 5. Collaborating with the Office of Internal Audit to ensure policy conformance. Enforcement Implementation The required actions mentioned in the policies and rules must be carried out from the effective mentioned above, those who fail to comply and follow this policy shall face disciplinary action. This policy must be strictly implemented. Principles of Information Security Principles of Information Security Man in the Middle and Man in the Browser Attacks on Financial Institutions. Abstract Four decades ago, what started as a US military research initiative to build network for linking US universities and research centers is now the Internet. Today it has expanded to every corner of the globe (Privgcca, 2016). The number of Internet users has risen from few computer scientists to 3.17 billion users. It has helped in reducing costs of communication as one can easily be in touch and communicate with each other with the help of chatting, email applications and online transactions/payments (Friedman, 2014). It has also helped organizations to offer better customer service, reduce amount of paper work, increase productivity, and enable customers to perform enquiry and transactions anytime and from anywhere. This paper will be focusing on the importance of online banking/transaction security. Introduction Banking organizations have been developing for years in a broad scope and have started to replace more traditional banking techniques in certain fields such as processing cheques, making transactions and money transfers to online, therefore; payment systems are constantly undergoing radical changes. More security measures are present but the users of these systems must also be allowed decent compatibility. Due to the amount of modern day threats these banks have also been facing a vast amount of risk and vulnerability exploitations, banks are usually very concerned about two kind of attacks, man in the middle attack (MITM) and man in the browser attack (MITB). As a result, financial institutions must ensure to provide effective authentication techniques. These two attacks (MITM and MITB) will be the main concentration and the focus of the analysis will on these attacks as well. The Two Common Attacks. The Man in The Middle and Man the Browser are the very predominant attacks in the finance industry. The difficult part is identifying each type of attack and taking precautionary measures from either attack. MITM occurs when a hacker can see and modify the communication between the client and the bank, it makes both parties believe they are directly communicating with each other to deceive but there is usually an attacker eavesdropping. Therefore, this is very common on unsecured and unprotected networks. On the other hand, MITB uses malware to infect a web browser. This is done by the malware exploiting vulnerabilities in the browser security which enables them to modify and manipulate the page. Getting Technical, MITB vs. MITM One of the few important differences between these two attacks is that MITM attacks operate at the network layer whereas MITB operate on the application there, in this case on the web browser. Although MITM attacks remain popular attackers prefer MITB as banks may use sessions IDs to identify MITM attacks. Using session IDs banks can determine whether there has been malicious activity during a transaction and notice the fraudulent attempt and consequently cancel it. By giving the customers device a unique ID, the bank can then use algorithms to analyze and link the multiple user sessions from where they typically perform their banking (Eisen, 2012). MITB attacks are a lot more deceitful, they completely take control over the users website and control the browser while the user thinks everything is normal. The attackers in this scenario alter web views and account balance without the users knowledge. Once the user logs in they can also redirect any sensitive traffic to an attackers sy stem, while keeping the original SSL/TLS protections intact (Trusteer, 2013). MITB People are very commonly exposed to the risk of these attacks due to the browser security problems in the case of MITB browser extensions are frequently the malware which allows the attacker to exploit the vulnerability. Browser extensions are frequently portrayed as useful software which enhance user experience but is malicious software or code. This is known as a Trojan. Browser extensions may be plugins, Browser Helper Objects (BHO), JavaScript and add-on features. The functionality of BHOs is usually to provide add functionality to a browser these could be written by the attacker with programming experience. The problem with BHOs is that they can hide from antivrus this makes them undetectable. In a MITMB attack these are used to change a site, add fields, remove fields. They also can add registries to the system and load at booting (Utakrit, 2009). Grease Monkey is a popular add on for chrome which can allow a user to change the appearance of a website or eliminate ads. This JavaScript is not malicious but it uses the same methodology as the malicious JavaScript applets. The danger of add-ons is that they can easily monitor and retrieve the users information at any time. SSL has been thought of as a solution by some security experts for MITB attacks but even this control has been proven to be ineffective. The reason for this is that the attacker injects or gives the user a Trojan which carries out malicious activities directly inside the browser. Therefore, no suspicious activity is detected. MITM MITM are less common as security professionals have learned ways to mitigate the attacks that use this method. It is also widely known as session hijacking. In this case, the attacker usually seeks vulnerable hotspots or networks. The attacker would usually direct the victim to a fake login page of a website (perhaps a phished paged) and then get the credentials as soon as they are authenticated. The attacker could then simply access the account and withdraw money or make transactions. Security measures such as the OTP are not effective as defense against this attack as the attacker could fraudulently capture the temporary password and forward it on the portal in the 30 60 seconds provided. In this attack the main issue is that the user has no way of being sure or verifying who is asking for information. As a result, two step verification is also considered vulnerable. Protective measures. The security triad which is an important principle to security experts evolves around three elements. C- Confidentiality, this means do not allow unauthorized individuals to access or see data or systems. A- Availability, which means ensure the system/data is available when needed. I- Integrity, if data or a system or in this case a transaction it loses its integrity which means it has been manipulated with. In the case of transactions, Integrity is a very important principle. Banks and financial institutions need to always ensure the integrity is maintained. By doing so, we need to implement controls, also known as countermeasures. User Protection Strategies and Controls MITB In order to minimize these attacks the knowledge has to be known on either side of the equation, the users should be aware as well as the bank. Users can take precaution by installing anti virus, although not entirely effective it does depend on the detection capability and reduces the chances. Secondly, use a hardened browser in a USB drive, this will provide moderate protection. Thirdly, only do online banking with banks who are aware of these kinds of threats and implement countermeasure. Ultimately there is risk in every procedure, unless you are will to completely not use online banking there will always be risks and threats. MITM Mitigation for Banks. MITB As previously mentioned, attackers have also learned how to compromise two step authentication as well the same also applies to captcha and others. The malware can simply wait till the user has authenticated himself. It can also intercept and modify response when using SSL or encryption. Moderate protection could be offered by the bank itself providing clients with Hardened Browsers on USBs containing cryptographic smart tokens for authentication. The hardened browsers are harder to infect. Similarly, OTP token with signature would be effective, the user would have to re-enter the transaction details to the OTP device and then it could generate a signature based on that in that way it would not match if the MITB alters the request, this is also rather inconvenient. Fraud detection based on transaction type and amount is also sometimes effective, in the case of an abnormal transactions some banks call the client to check if it is genuine or not. User profiling could also be used. MITM

Intend to Study Abroad :: College Admissions Essays

I Intend to Study Abroad    On one hot late-summer day when I was in high school, my parents came back from a shopping trip with a surprise present for me: the legendary board game, Diplomacy. At first I scoffed at such an old-fashioned game. Who would want to waste glorious sunny days moving armies around a map of pre-World War I Europe, pretending to be Bismarck or Disraeli? But after playing the game once, I became absolutely riveted by the nuances of statecraft, and soon began losing sleep as I tried to craft clever diplomatic gambits, hatch devious schemes, and better understand the game's ever-changing dynamics. As my friends and I spent the second half of the summer absorbed by the game, my parents grinned knowingly. How could I resist being fascinated with Diplomacy, they asked me, when I incessantly read about international affairs, and liked nothing more than debating politics over dinner? How could I resist being fascinated, when I had spent most of my summers in Greece (and, much more briefly, Franc e and England), witnessing first-hand the ways in which countries differ socially, culturally, and politically?    Though my passion for foreign policy and international affairs undoubtedly dates back to high school, I never had the chance to fully develop this interest before college. Once I arrived at Harvard, however, I discovered that I could learn about international relations through both my academics and my extracurricular activities. Academically, I decided to concentrate in Government, and, within Government, to take classes that elucidated the forces underlying the relations of states on the world stage. Some of the most memorable of these classes included Human Rights, in which we discussed what role humanitarian concerns ought to play in international relations; Politics of Western Europe, in which I learned about the social, economic, and political development of five major European countries; and Causes and Prevention of War, which focused on unearthing the roots of conflict and finding out how bloodshed could have been avoided. Currently, for my senior thesis, I am investigating th e strange pattern of American human rights-based intervention in the post-Cold War era, and trying to determine which explanatory variables are best able to account for it.    Interestingly, I think that I have learned at least as much about international relations through my extracurriculars in college as I have through my classes.

Lim Goh Tong Essay

Successful business are ofter managed by what type of leaders? Successful business are ofter managed by leaders who know how to mobilize their human resources (HR) to produce better products and service compared to their competitors. b) How can a change of mindset can be the pre-requisite step for building and existing entrepreneurs to stay in the business? A change of mindset can be the pre-requisite step for building and existing entrepreneurs to stay in the business because it having a positive mindset and to step up efforts to deal with constant changes and challenges in a highly competities market place. c) What are the key factors to be considered in the exercise? The key factors to be considered in the exercise are entrepreneur must be smart and resilient in mobilizing all its resources, including HR to move towards common goals and to deal with challenges that affect the business. It requires the creation the creation of a more robust and knowledge business culture with people that deeply understand the business environment. d) What are the key factors to be considered in the exercise? The key factors to be considered in the exercise are considering knowledge as a factor that can make a distint difference and identifying emerging key and new method of conducting business and making it more competitive. e) What the factors to achieve entrepreneurial success to sharpen a company’s competitive adge? The factors to achieve entrepreneurial success to sharpen a company’s competitive adge depends on the ability to attract, retain and develop competent people continuously. f) Why is having leadership ability is important? Having leadership ability is important because it stand in good stead for the entrepreneur to help worker in problem-solving as well as to provide guidance on the right work ethics and maximize the employee’ performance. g) How to be a successful entrepreneur? To be a successful entrepreneur , one should have the ability to plan, arrange and control the business in every aspect. . Based on your understanding, give one example of successful entrepreneur in Malaysia. That constributes a lot in Malaysia economy. Give the strength of his (her) product/service. Lim Goh Tong is classic story of a rag-to-riches story. He migrated from China mainland in his youth. And as fate would have it, the two later became friends when he was on his way to build Genting. From the day he was born until his death, Lim Goh Tong did not speak English, he only communicated in Chinese and Malay language. But his language barrier did not prevent him from negotiating one of the largest contracts around. Financial. His strength could be seen from his early age involved in petty trade. He always keeps some of his revenue for future used and increases his capital. 2. Intellectual . Lim Goh Tong always did a survey and made a feasibility study whether to project to be taken really produce profit or loss. He will not close the deals unless money back guaranteed. 3. Location . Choice of location is gave him ahead of others. Genting Resort was built to encourage local people to enjoy breezy environment near Kuala Lumpur. 4. Diversification on Product Offered. Genting Group has diversified from its initial hotel and resort activities to plantations, properties, paper manufacturing, power generation, oil and gas, electronic commerce and information technology development under Genting Group. 5. Government Rule and Regulation. Genting was extremely advantage after government announced in October 2002 to restrict development of highlands. It will create no competition for Genting Group on their resort business. 6. Product Diversification . Lim Goh Tong knows to play his card. He is not dependent on his Casino business. He has Conglomerate Company dealing in Star Cruise, Property Development, Education, Construction, Oil and Gas, Investment, Plantation, Independent Power Industry and Hospitality. He has well diversified revenue and will not worry on economic trend if collapse in certain industry. 6. Favorable access to distribution net works. Lim Goh Tong relationship with all the Prime Minister of Malaysia make his job easy. He received a pioneer status from Tun Abdul Razak on his Genting business. In 1976 the status was extended another year by Tun Hussin Onn through Tan Sri Mohd Noah who is in-law to Razak and Hussin Onn. 7. Market Trend. Lim Goh Tong always follow the trend from his early involvement in construction industry. After WW2 he bought all unused heavy machinery and reconditioned it before it was sold to tin miner and rubber Estate Company for their rehabilitation work.

Akensides Justification for Imagination

Akensides Justification for Imagination Free Online Research Papers Mark Akenside begins his Pleasures of the Imagination (1744) with the remark: Oft have the laws of each poetic strain The critic-verse imploy’d; yet still unsung Lay this prime subject, though importing most A poet’s name. Addison before him may have addressed the imagination in his work of the same name, yet the above comment reveals that there was something left ‘still unsung’ within this ‘prime subject’ for Akenside, a ‘poet’ himself. I believe that what Akenside believed still ‘unsung’ was the idea that imagination is used every day by men in all value judgements. Akenside strove to justify his emphasis on the importance of the imagination and all its faculties. How Akenside achieves this is through a step by step argument culminating in implicating a larger role for imagination within any conception of aesthetics or philosophy; although the term ‘aesthetics’ is strictly anachronistic and was not in use in Akenside’s time, it seems to be the focus of much of Akenside’s poetry. As Robin Dix states in the introduction to his edition of Akenside’s poetical works, ‘The key to appreciating its artistic and intellectual unity lies in the recognition that it is primarily concerned with what would now be called aesthetics’ (19). Initially, Akenside begins his argument by outlining the way imagination reacts to physical stimuli. In Book I 109-138 Akenside describes in eloquent terms how our response to nature attunes ‘the finer organs of the mind’ (15, Reader) and stimulates our imaginations, causing us to smile and ‘sink to divine repose’. The perception of the beauty of nature, for Akenside describes nature’s beauty through extremely visual language, is the incentive for the imagination to work in us. This visual language is exemplified in Book I: But not alike to every mortal eye Is this great scene unveil’d. For since the claims Of social life, to different labours urge The active powers of man; with wise intent The hand of nature on peculiar minds Imprints a different byass, and to each Decrees its province in the common toil (14, Reader). This discusses the concept that not all men’s imaginations are equal in their associative powers; the exercise of each man’s mind is different according to the divided attentions each man’s ‘social life’ requires. The line ‘Whoe’er thou art, whom these delights can touch’ (16, Reader) indicates the universality of the use of the imagination; should Akenside justify that imagination is duly important to daily life it will have implications for all men. This in itself is a justification for the use of imagination; it is a tool of liberation, proving that all men are equal in their capacity to enjoy nature’s bounties as described in lines 109-138 (15-16, Reader). The ordaining of the eye for perceiving the beauty of God’s work is further considered here in the text: Nor ever yet The melting rainbow’s vernal-tinctur’d hues To me have shone so pleasing, as when first The hand of science pointed out the path In which the sun-beams gleaming from the west Fall on the watry cloud (41, Reader). This introduces two concepts important for Akenside’s argument. The first of these two ideas is that the perception of nature creates a sense of pleasure in us. The very fact that looking at a rainbow may cause us to praise the God that made it, and to rejoice that we are alive, is essential in later argument by Akenside to argue that all men must disseminate this pleasure throughout the world to come closer to that which is divine. This emulates the actions of God, as he ‘spread around him that primaeval joy/ Which filled himself’ (49, Reader). This pleasure is part of our ‘passions’ in the poem; the ‘passions’ encompass both feelings of pleasure and pain. From lines 157 onwards in Book II Akenside seeks to justify the consequence of the passions on our capacity to realize the aesthetic. Akenside remarks, ‘From passion’s power alone our nature holds/ Essential pleasure’ (43, Reader) and explains that passion is the oil that keeps the ‘fine machine’ of our bodies ‘polished’. This justifies why passion is important to us, and if it attunes our body, and keeps our bodies ‘polished’, then a pursuit of that which causes passion is also justified, as Steve Clark remarks, there is a ‘synthesis between the two preceding faculties [pleasure and passion]’ (135). However, Akenside asserts the idea that ‘passion’ includes negative feelings too, such as ‘softening sorrow’ (47, Reader), yet we are admonished for focussing on the negative side of the passions, as this is counter-productive for Akenside. God reproves Harmodius for concentrating upon his sorrow, a negative passion; instead he wishes mankind to focus upon using the negative passions to compel a crusade for the dissemination of the positive passions, pleasure. This will allow one to ‘climb the ascent of being, and approach/For ever nearer to the life divine’ (51, Reader). Akenside has justified our pursuit of pleasure in this way; it becomes a way for us to reach the divine: ‘to exalt/ His generous aim to all diviner deeds’ (17, Reader). However, now I discuss the second concept linked to the rainbow passage: that the pleasure created in us when we look at the rainbow is the result of a combination of ‘Three sister-graces†¦the sublime, the wonderful, the fair’ (17, Reader). These categories, while widely recognised as taken from Addison’s work and re-titled, are deployed differently by Akenside than by Addison due to Akenside’s heightened view of the imagination. All of these three concepts are taken from the perception of nature, and they are a source of passion, as described in this passage: What, when to raise the meditated scene, The flame of passion, through the struggling soul Deep-kindled, shows across that sudden blaze The object of its rapture, vast of size, With fiercer colours and a night of shade? (42, Reader). This object of rapture, ‘vast of size’, is a definition of what the sublime is for Akenside. The sublime is thought of as something that cannot be possessed by the mind, because it is too vast; rather it is something that compels us ‘to exalt/His generous aim to all diviner deeds’ (17, Reader), which is again tied in to how Akenside thinks of pleasure as a way to reach the divine. These three types of beauty are also themselves innately divine, as Akenside proceeds to discuss. He links beauty with truth and good concretely in the passage I.372-76, indicating a kind of mutual relationship between the three: Thus was beauty sent from heaven, The lovely ministress of truth and good In this dark world: for truth and good are one, And beauty lives within them, and they in her, With like participation (26, Reader). The passage employs the imagery of the divine, and one is drawn to think of the Virgin Mary with mention of ‘the lovely ministress of truth and good’, and perhaps when regarding the relationship between truth, good and beauty an allusion to the Holy Trinity is meant, as Dix comments (21). This is one of the main justifications for Akenside’s view of beauty: because beauty is present in nature, and nature is the truth, it is also divine (good). In Book II lines 97-108 this argument also appears where beauty, truth and good are again bonded: the concept that ‘the beams of truth/More welcome touch his [man’s] understanding’s eye’ (II. 100-101), or the idea that truth is beauty is emphasised. Furthermore, this is also reiterated by the way the whole poem itself is constructed: the poetry is imaginative and full of expression (beauty), yet uses reason (truth) therefore indicating the ‘good’. Steve Clark comments that in Samuel Johnson’s review of Akenside, he notes The Pleasures of the Imagination ‘prompts not sensual indolence but mental exertion’ (132). This shows that Akenside seeks to make us think philosophically about imagination’s place in our lives, forcing us to recognise how imagination can be linked with the already exalted reason of John Locke before him. Moreover, the idea that these three ideas of truth, beauty and good are bonded together is precipitated in a passage that then seeks to justify the importance of the imagination to this trinity: But beyond This energy of truth, whose dictates bind Assenting reason, the benignant sire, To deck the honour’d paths of just and good, Has added bright imagination’s rays (32, Reader). Akenside introduces the idea that imagination is an aid to the ‘just and good’, put in place by the ‘benignant sire’, which we take to be a divine figure, divinely ordaining imagination. What is also important to note is the elevation of imagination through the description of it as a beam of light, a device with which, until Akenside’s point in time, reason has more often been associated. It seems here that Akenside seeks to justify imagination as a tool to some extent by placing it next to reason. Furthermore, imagination is a tool for furthering the usefulness of the three great concepts, ‘the sublime, the wonderful, the fair’. As Akenside outlines in Book III, the aesthetic responses we have to the world all involve the use of the imagination which essentially lead us to strive toward a more divine existence. This is achieved through the idea that imagination has the power to recall images and stir our emotions again as they did when we perceived them. This is illustrated through this passage: Such is the secret union, when we feel A song, a flower, a name, at once restore Those long connected scenes where first they mov’d The attention (84-85 Reader). Affirming the idea that such images ‘a song, a flower, a name’, when recalled, can enable us to compare those perceptions which brought us pain or pleasure, this comparison can then allow us to strive toward what will being us pleasure. This pleasure has previously been discussed as the result of beauty, truth, and good. The conception, or image of beauty which moves our passions to appreciate God and to compel us toward the divine and the dissemination of pleasure to others, is recalled here in this passage: That not in humble nor in brief delight, Not in the fading echoes of renown, Power’s purple robes, nor pleasure’s flowery lap, The soul should find enjoyment: but from these Turning disdainful to an equal good, Through all the ascent of things inlarge her view, Till every bound at length should disappear, And infinite perfection close the scene (19-20, Reader). What is notable, is the fact that pleasure is not a reward unto itself; it is in fact the endeavour to turn the ‘disdainful to an equal good’ which is the main point of Akenside’s argument for the pleasures of the imagination’s importance. It is the ‘ascent’ that the soul shall strive towards, and in return it will be blessed by God, which is where ‘the soul should find enjoyment’. What is interesting about this concept is that George Reuben Potter has written an article called ‘Mark Akenside, Prophet of Evolution’ stating that Akenside predicted the Darwinian theory of evolution because of this idea of ‘ascension’ and perfecting oneself. He states that Akenside ‘should have his small niche at the hall of fame in whose center [sic] is the figure of Charles Darwin’ (64). This recognition of Akenside’s forward thinking is useful because it confirms my argument that Akenside was innovative in justifying the idea that imagination is used every day in value judgements, in this case to pursue an ‘infinite perfection’ of mankind. In addition, Steve Clark agrees too that Akenside argues that ‘man has been â€Å"ordain’d† not to acquiesce in but to go beyond â€Å"the limits of his frame†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (151). This idea, that we are more than the sum of our parts, that we are almost able to transcend our humble attachment to the world of experience through transforming what we experience, is incredibly positive; and given the huge revolution in thought that was the Enlightenment, this was only the beginning. In addition, I believe that not only does Akenside succeed in justifying that imagination has an important part to play in our everyday aesthetic judgements, but he also succeeds in convincing us that mankind has an optimistic part to play in the aesthetic role of our world. The idea that we can evolve towards a higher plain of existence is comforting, but the idea that we can all reach this by improving ourselves through utilising the pleasures of the imagination that we all possess is liberating. In all, Akenside opens the door wider than ever before for discussion on the mind and aesthetics, eventually leading to what would be called Romantic thought. However, Akenside’s huge emphasis upon pursuing the divine may become problematic later in the Enlightenment era when doubt is cast upon justifying God’s existence through the argument of intelligent design, as exemplified by David Hume’s work An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1748), since all of the justification for striving toward a better self in Akenside’s poetry includes some sort of ‘divine’ reward. Yet as a work, Akenside’s Pleasures of the Imagination is entirely cohesive argument for 1744, and any reader today, even if we were to doubt his final justification of divine ordainment, would take pleasure from imagining the allegorical devices Akenside evokes. Bibliography Akenside, Mark. The Pleasures of the Imagination (1744). Course Reader. University of Edinburgh, 2006. Clark, Steve. ‘†To Bless the Lab’ring Mind†: Akenside’s The Pleasures of the Imagination.’ Mark Akenside, A Reassessment. Ed. Robin Dix. London: Associated University Presses, 2000. Dix, Robin, ed. The Poetical Works of Mark Akenside. London: Associated University Presses, 1996. Kallich, Martin. ‘The Association of Ideas and Akenside’s Pleasures of the Imagination’. Modern Language Notes. 62.3 (1947): 166-173. Potter, George Reuben. ‘Mark Akenside, Prophet of Evolution.’ Modern Philology. 24.1 (1926): 55-64. Research Papers on Akenside's Justification for ImaginationMind TravelComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoQuebec and CanadaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

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Any viewer of the painting will feel dwarfed by the large painting and may feel overwhelmed by the magnanimity of it. The next thing youll notice about the Spoliarium is the rich colors used. Predominantly, the painter made use of warm colors for his work of art, with reds being a central color that attracts the most attention. In person, the colors are striking and quite unique. The Spoliarium depicts an even during the Roman empire, where gladiators die for entertainment. The painting shows how gladiators are being dragged mercilessly by men towards an unknown darkness, where other tragically killed gladiators are brought. To the left is a cheering crowd, screaming for blood while to the right, a woman is crouched and seemingly in sorrow. The painting shows a tragic event, definitely. But it also shows a deeper meaning, especially for the Filipinos during the time of the Spanish colonization (which lasted over 400 years! ). 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